ĐK: \(-\dfrac{1}{4}\le x\le3\)

\(pt\Leftrightarrow4x+1-6\sqrt{4x+1}+9+3-x-2\sqrt{3-x}+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{4x+1}-3\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3-x}-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{4x+1}=3\\\sqrt{3-x}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\left(tm\right)\)

Ta có

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2x^2-4x+3}=\sqrt{2\left(x-1\right)^2+1}\ge\sqrt{1}=1\\\sqrt{3x^2-6x+7}=\sqrt{3\left(x-1\right)^2+4}\ge\sqrt{4}=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow VT=\sqrt{2x^2-4x+3}+\sqrt{3x^2-6x+7}\ge3\) \(\forall x\)

Lại có \(VP=2-x^2+2x=3-\left(x-1\right)^2\le3\) \(\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x^2-4x+3}+\sqrt{3x^2-6x+7}=2-x^2+2x\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2\left(x-1\right)^2+1}=1\\\sqrt{3\left(x-1\right)^2+4}=2\\3-\left(x-1\right)^2=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=1\)

Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất \(x=1\)

Lời giải:

a. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 0$

$2\sqrt{2x}-5\sqrt{8x}+7\sqrt{18x}=28$

$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{2x}-10\sqrt{2x}+21\sqrt{2x}=28$

$\Leftrightarrow 13\sqrt{2x}=28$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2x}=\frac{28}{13}$

$\Leftrightarrow 2x=\frac{784}{169}$

$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{392}{169}$

b. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 5$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{4}.\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x-5}-\frac{1}{3}.\sqrt{9}.\sqrt{x-5}=4$

$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x-5}-\sqrt{x-5}=4$

$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x-5}=4$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-5}=2$

$\Leftrightarrow x-5=4$

$\Leftrightarrow x=9$ (tm)

c. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq \frac{2}{3}$ hoặc $x< -1$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \frac{3x-2}{x+1}=9$

$\Rightarrow 3x-2=9(x+1)$

$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-11}{6}$ (tm)

Lời giải:

ĐK: $x\geq \frac{-1}{3}$. Ta có:

\(4x^2+5+\sqrt{3x+1}=13x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (4x^2-11x+3)-(2x-2-\sqrt{3x+1})=0(*)\)

TH1: Nếu \(2x-2+\sqrt{3x+1}=0(1)\)

\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{3x+1}=2-2x\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq 1\\ 3x+1=(2-2x)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq 1\\ 4x^2-11x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=\frac{11-\sqrt{73}}{8}\) . Thử lại vào PT ban đầu không thấy đúng (loại)

TH2: Nếu $2x-2+\sqrt{3x+1}\neq 0$ (tức là \(x\neq \frac{11-\sqrt{73}}{8}\))

\((*)\Leftrightarrow (4x^2-11x+3)-\frac{(2x-2)^2-(3x+1)}{2x-2+\sqrt{3x+1}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (4x^2-11x+3)-\frac{4x^2-11x+3}{2x-2+\sqrt{3x+1}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{(4x^2-11x+3)(2x-3+\sqrt{3x+1})}{2x-2+\sqrt{3x+1}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} 4x^2-11x+3=0\\ 2x-3+\sqrt{3x+1}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Nếu $4x^2-11x+3=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{11+\sqrt{73}}{8}$ (loại TH $x=\frac{11-\sqrt{73}}{8}$

Nếu \(2x-3+\sqrt{3x+1}=0\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq \frac{3}{2}\\ (2x-3)^2=3x+1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq \frac{3}{2}\\ 4x^2-15x+8=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=\frac{15-\sqrt{97}}{8}\)

Thử lại thấy thỏa mãn. Vậy.........

Lời giải:

ĐK: $x\geq \frac{-1}{3}$. Ta có:

\(4x^2+5+\sqrt{3x+1}=13x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (4x^2-11x+3)-(2x-2-\sqrt{3x+1})=0(*)\)

TH1: Nếu \(2x-2+\sqrt{3x+1}=0(1)\)

\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{3x+1}=2-2x\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq 1\\ 3x+1=(2-2x)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq 1\\ 4x^2-11x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=\frac{11-\sqrt{73}}{8}\) . Thử lại vào PT ban đầu không thấy đúng (loại)

TH2: Nếu $2x-2+\sqrt{3x+1}\neq 0$ (tức là \(x\neq \frac{11-\sqrt{73}}{8}\))

\((*)\Leftrightarrow (4x^2-11x+3)-\frac{(2x-2)^2-(3x+1)}{2x-2+\sqrt{3x+1}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (4x^2-11x+3)-\frac{4x^2-11x+3}{2x-2+\sqrt{3x+1}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{(4x^2-11x+3)(2x-3+\sqrt{3x+1})}{2x-2+\sqrt{3x+1}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} 4x^2-11x+3=0\\ 2x-3+\sqrt{3x+1}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Nếu $4x^2-11x+3=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{11+\sqrt{73}}{8}$ (loại TH $x=\frac{11-\sqrt{73}}{8}$

Nếu \(2x-3+\sqrt{3x+1}=0\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq \frac{3}{2}\\ (2x-3)^2=3x+1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq \frac{3}{2}\\ 4x^2-15x+8=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=\frac{15-\sqrt{97}}{8}\)

Thử lại thấy thỏa mãn. Vậy.........

\(\sqrt{12-\frac{3}{x^2}}=a\left(a\le\sqrt{12}\right);\sqrt{4x^2-\frac{3}{x^2}}=b\left(b\ge0\right)\)

ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=4x^2\\b^2-a^2=4x^2-12\end{cases}}\)<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=4x^2\\\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)=4x^2-12\end{cases}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=4x^2\\b-a=\frac{4x^2-12}{4x^2}\end{cases}}}\)

<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}b+a=4x^2\\b-a=1-\frac{3}{x^2}\end{cases}}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}b+a=4x^2\\2b=4x^2+1-\frac{3}{x^2}=b^2+1\end{cases}}\)<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}b+a=4x^2\\\left(b-1\right)^2=0\end{cases}=>b=1}\)

=> 4x²-\(\frac{3}{x^2}=1=>4x^4-x^2-3=0< =>x^2=1\)=> x=1 hoặc x=-1

thay vào phương trình ban đầu  đều thỏa mãn => pt có 2 nghiệm x=1; x=-1

\(ĐK:\frac{2}{3}\ge x\ge\frac{5}{2}\)

\(PT\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)+\left(2x-5\right)\sqrt{2+4x}-\left(2x+3\right)\sqrt{6-4x}+16=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(2x-5\right)\sqrt{2+4x}-\left(2x+3\right)\sqrt{6-4x}+16=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(2x-5\right)\left(\sqrt{2+4x}-2\right)-\left(2x+3\right)\left(\sqrt{6-4x}-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(2x-5\right)\frac{2+4x-4}{\sqrt{2+4x}+2}+\left(2x+3\right)\frac{6-4x-4}{\sqrt{6-4x}+2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(2x-5\right)\frac{2\left(2x-1\right)}{\sqrt{2+4x}+2}+\left(2x+3\right)\frac{-2\left(2x-1\right)}{\sqrt{6-4x}+2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x-1+\left(2x-5\right)\frac{2}{\sqrt{2+4x}+2}+\left(2x+3\right)\frac{-2}{\sqrt{6-4x}+2}\right)=0\)

Theo ĐK ta chứng minh đc \(\left(2x-1+\left(2x-5\right)\frac{2}{\sqrt{2+4x}+2}+\left(2x+3\right)\frac{-2}{\sqrt{6-4x}+2}\right)>0\)

Do đó \(2x-1=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\left(TMĐKXĐ\right)\)